Mafia doesn't check that you can interact before trying to use the jukebox (and taking 1 damage). At least based on reading the code, that's what it looks like.
I could make the jukebox code refuse to submit a request - and even generate an error - if you are in hardcore or ronin. But that will not make the maximizer decode to not show it to you.
There are problems with deciding whether or not to try using the jukebox:
1) Your clan may not even have one.
2) Even if the clan you logged into has one, you may have switched to a different clan this session and the new one does not have one.
3) You may have used the clan equipment in that corner - a jukebox or not - already today. You may have done that in a previous session or outside of mafia such that we don't know about it.
4) Other equipment in that corner IS usable in Hardcore or Ronin - the Klaw, for example.
Ah, that's rambling, but my point was, we can't detect or decide all the conditions before submitting a request to use it that would make the jukebox unusable today, short of visiting it and, we hope, being told "you can't use this today" before actually trying to use it. I don't know if KoL provides such a message.
Doing a Hardcore/Ronin check to hide or disable trying seems like the right thing to do for things like the Maximizer and Daily Deeds.